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J Am Acad Orthop Surg, Vol 10, No 1, January/February 2002, 67-73.
© 2002 the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
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Morphologic and Mechanical Basis of Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness

Richard L. Lieber, PhD and Jan Fridén, MD, PhD

Dr. Lieber is Professor of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Orthopaedics and Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, Calif. Dr. Fridén is Professor of Hand Surgery, Department of Hand Surgery, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.

Reprint requests: Dr. Lieber, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161.

Muscle pain after unaccustomed exercise is believed to result from repetitive active lengthening of skeletal muscle. This "eccentric exercise" initiates a sequence of events that includes muscle cytoskeletal breakdown, inflammation, and remodeling such that subsequent exercise sessions result in less injury and soreness. Recent studies of eccentric exercise using well-defined animal models have identified the mechanical and cellular events associated with the injury-repair process. In addition, neurophysiologic studies have elucidated mechanisms of pain that operate in skeletal muscle. Taken together, these studies improve our understanding of the muscle injury process and will lead to rational therapeutic interventions to facilitate recovery.




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