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Dr. Evans is The Robert Lovett Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Molecular Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Dr. Ghivizzani is Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL. Dr. Herndon is The William Harris Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Molecular Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School. Dr. Robbins is Professor, Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.
Dr. Evans or the department with which he is affiliated has received research or institutional support from NIH–National Institute for Arthritis Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; National Institute for Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases; the Orthopaedic Trauma Association; Orthogen; Valentis; Osiris; and TissueGene. Dr. Evans or the department with which he is affiliated has received royalties from Valentis and TissueGene. Dr. Evans or the department with which he is affiliated has stock or stock options held in Valentis, GenVec, and Orthogen. Dr. Evans or the department with which he is affiliated serves as a consultant to or is an employee of Valentis and TissueGene. Dr. Evans is on the Scientific Advisory Board of TissueGene and Orthogen. Dr. Ghivizzani or the department with which he is affiliated has received research or institutional support from NIH–National Institute for Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. Dr. Herndon or the department with which he is affiliated has stock or stock options held in Valentis. Dr. Robbins or the department with which he is affiliated has received research or institutional support from Valentis and TissueGene. Dr. Robbins or the department with which he is affiliated has received nonincome support (such as equipment or services), commercially derived honoraria, or other non-research–related funding (such as paid travel) from TissueGene and Orthogen. Dr. Robbins or the department with which he is affiliated has received royalties from TissueGene and Valentis. Dr. Robbins or the department with which he is affiliated has stock or stock options held in Valentis. Dr. Robbins or the department with which he is affiliated serves as a consultant to or is an employee of TissueGene and Orthogen.
Reprint requests: Dr. Evans, Center for Molecular Orthopaedics, BLI-152, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115.
Research into the orthopaedic applications of gene therapy has resulted in progress toward managing chronic and acute genetic and nongenetic disorders. Gene therapy for arthritis, the original focus of research, has progressed to the initiation of several phase I clinical trials. Preliminary findings support the application of gene therapy in the treatment of additional chronic conditions, including osteoporosis and aseptic loosening, as well as musculoskeletal tumors. The most rapid progress is likely to be in tissue repair because it requires neither long-term transgene expression nor closely regulated levels of transgene expression. Moreover, healing probably can be achieved with existing technology. In preclinical studies, genetically modulated stimulation of bone healing has shown impressive results in repairing segmental defects in the long bones and cranium and in improving the success of spinal fusions. An increasing amount of evidence indicates that gene transfer can aid the repair of articular cartilage, menisci, intervertebral disks, ligaments, and tendons. These developments have the potential to transform many areas of musculoskeletal care, leading to treatments that are less invasive, more effective, and less expensive than existing modalities.
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  W. M. Novicoff, A. Manaswi, M. V. Hogan, S. M. Brubaker, W. M. Mihalko, and K. J. Saleh Critical Analysis of the Evidence for Current Technologies in Bone-Healing and Repair J. Bone Joint Surg. Am., February 1, 2008; 90(Supplement_1): 85 - 91. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. C. Carofino and J. R. Lieberman Gene Therapy Applications for Fracture-Healing J. Bone Joint Surg. Am., February 1, 2008; 90(Supplement_1): 99 - 110. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. Evans Potential Biologic Therapies for the Intervertebral Disc J. Bone Joint Surg. Am., April 1, 2006; 88(suppl_2): 95 - 98. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. H. Evans and R. N. Rosier Molecular Biology in Orthopaedics: The Advent of Molecular Orthopaedics J. Bone Joint Surg. Am., November 1, 2005; 87(11): 2550 - 2564. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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