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J Am Acad Orthop Surg, Vol 15, No suppl_1, September 2007, S8-S12.
© 2007 the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
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Ethnic and Racial Disparities in Diagnosis, Treatment, and Follow-up Care

Raymond O. Pierce, Jr, MD

Dr. Pierce is Emeritus Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, Medical Director, Martin University, Indianapolis, and CEO, J. Robert Gladden Orthopaedic Society, Rosemont, IL.

Neither Dr. Pierce nor the department with which he is affiliated has received anything of value from or owns stock in a commercial company or institution related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article.

Studies from four areas of musculoskeletal health care disparities were reviewed to determine the root causes of the disparities and gain insight into measurable interventions. The areas of musculoskeletal health were total joint arthroplasty, amputation for patients with diabetes, rehabilitation of and impairment in patients with stroke, and morbidity associated with unintentional injuries. The Jenkins Model on Health Disparities was used to investigate and rank the contributing causes (socioeconomic status, sociocultural beliefs, racism, biology) of the health care disparities. No single root cause was found for any of the conditions. Thus, all contributing factors must be considered when planning meaningful interventions.




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