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J Am Acad Orthop Surg, Vol 16, No 2, February 2008, 68-76.
© 2008 the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
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Regenerative Medicine for the Musculoskeletal System Based on Muscle-derived Stem Cells

Charley B. Gates, MD, Tharun Karthikeyan, MD, Freddie Fu, MD and Johnny Huard, PhD

Dr. Gates is Resident, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA. Dr. Karthikeyan is Resident, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Dr. Fu is David Silver Professor and Chair, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Dr. Huard is Henry J. Mankin Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Molecular Genetics Biochemistry, and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, and Director, Stem Cell Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh.

Dr. Huard or a member of his immediate family has received research or institutional support from CookMyoSite, Inc. None of the following authors or a member of their immediate families has received anything of value from or owns stock in a commercial company or institution related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article: Dr. Gates, Dr. Karthikeyan, and Dr. Fu.

Reprint requests: Dr. Huard, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Kaufmann Building, Suite 1011, 3471 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.

The identification and characterization of stem cells is introducing a paradigm shift in the field of orthopaedic surgery. Whereas in the past, diseased tissue was replaced with allograft material, current trends in research revolve around regenerating damaged tissue. Muscle-derived stem cells have an application in regeneration of articular cartilage, bone, and skeletal muscle. These postnatal (ie, adult) stem cells can be readily isolated via muscle biopsy. They can display long-term proliferation, high self-renewal, and multipotent differentiation. They also can be genetically modified to secrete growth factors important to tissue healing, thereby functioning as implantable, long-lasting reservoirs for these molecules. Taken together, this evidence suggests that muscle-derived stem cells are well suited for gene therapy and tissue engineering applications for the musculoskeletal system. Effective implementation of even just a few applications of muscle-derived stem cell–based tissue engineering has the potential to revolutionize the way certain musculoskeletal diseases are managed.






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Copyright © 2008 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.