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J Am Acad Orthop Surg, Vol 18, No 2, February 2010, 94-107.
© 2010 the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
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Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumors

Aditya V. Maheshwari, MD and Edward Y. Cheng, MD

From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (Dr. Maheshwari), and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota (Dr. Cheng).

Dr. Cheng or an immediate family member serves as a board member, owner, officer, or committee member of Musculoskeletal Tumor Society, has received royalties from Innomed, and has received research or institutional support from Aastrom Biosciences and Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation. Neither Dr. Maheshwari nor an immediate family member has received anything of value from or owns stock in a commercial company or institution related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article.

The Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT) consists of a group of tumors characterized by morphologically similar round-cell neoplasm and by the presence of a common chromosomal translocation. Although rare, such tumors constitute the third most frequent primary sarcoma of bone after osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. ESFT most commonly affects young children and adolescents. Because most patients with clinically apparent localized disease at diagnosis may also have occult metastatic (ie, systemic) disease, multidrug chemotherapy as well as local disease control with surgery and/or radiation therapy are indicated for all patients. Despite marked improvements in survival during the past 40 years for patients with localized disease, lesser improvements have been seen in patients with metastatic or recurrent disease. A better understanding of the complex biology of ESFT may lead to the successful development of biologically targeted therapies. As the regulatory pathways responsible for transformation, growth, and metastasis of ESFT become more refined, the number of potential therapeutic targets will expand.






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Copyright © 2010 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.